The plasma arc results from heating compressed air electrically and at a very high temperature. This in turn, ionises its atoms and enables them to conduct electricity.
Matter changes from one state to the other with the introduction of heat.
Solids, liquids and gas being the first three, and in this order.
The air from the welding torch is forced through the swirl ring, it is then ionised by the electrical arc from the electrode, and it turns into plasma, which flows from the torch to the workpiece.
As electricity from the cutting torch travels down the plasma, it creates sufficient heat to melt through the metal. The high velocity plasma and compressed gas blow the hot melted metal away to cut straight through.
Plasma looks and behaves like a high temperature gas – but there is an important difference – it conducts electricity and can cut through any electrically conductive metal.
The plasma torch has a safety trigger that needs to be released before you are able to start the arc. When the trigger is squeezed, the power supply produces a DC current that flows through this connection and also initiates the plasma gas flow. The DC current flow then switches from electrode to nozzle, to a path between the electrode and the work piece. This current and airflow continues until the trigger is released.
As electricity from the cutting torch travels down the plasma it delivers sufficient heat to melt through the workpiece.
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