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H2: What is the technology behind solar panels?
Solar panels are designed to convert sunlight into electricity through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. This effect was first discovered in 1839 by a French physicist named Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel. It involves the use of solar cells, which can generate an electrical current when exposed to light.
H3: Step-by-step guide to how solar panels work.
Step 1: Absorption of sunlight.
Solar panels are made up of multiple solar cells that are made of silicon. Sunlight consists of tiny particles of energy called photons that hit the cells and are absorbed by the silicon atoms.
Step 2: Conversion of sunlight into direct current.
When the photons are absorbed, the electrons in the silicon atoms become excited and move around freely. This movement of electrons creates an electrical current that flows through the cells and is collected by wires.
Step 3: Utilization of direct current to generate alternating current.
The electrical current produced by the solar cells is in direct current (DC) form, which is not useable by most household appliances. Therefore, the current needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) which is the type of energy that is used by most electrical appliances. .
Step 4: Conversion of direct current to alternating current.
The DC current is sent to an inverter, which converts it into AC current. This is done by repeatedly switching the direction of the electrical current, creating a type of energy that can be used by household appliances.
Step 5: Utilization of alternating current by households.
Once the current has been converted into AC, it can be used by households to power their electrical appliances. Energy that is not used is sent back to the power grid or stored in batteries for later use.
In conclusion, solar panels convert sunlight into usable energy through a series of steps. By understanding how solar panels work, we can appreciate the importance of this technology in creating sustainable energy and reducing our reliance on non-renewable resources.
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